---Turkistan---

#LEADER LIST (TETurkhan)

Timur-Lenk

Toghrul
Alp-Arslan
Jelal-adin
Suleiman
Babur
Mehmed
Selim
Edig Khan
Toktamish
Malek Shah

#CITY LIST (TETurkhan)

Samarkhand
Bukhara
Tashkent
Lop Nor
Kashgar
Sarai
Khiva
Sauran
Kabul
Tiva
Almaty
Hotan
Urumqi
Astrakhan
Bishek
Kazan
Baku
Dushanbe
Ashkabad
Karagandi
Kazan
Turgay
Turfan
Kurgan
Farghona
Kerki
Karamay
Kashi
Aksu
Bachu
Bakharden
Nukus
Sharif
Balkan
Konduz
Aybak
Herat
Edrine
Bursa
Iznik
Uskudar
Izmit
Aydin
Antalya
Konya
Adana
Sinop
Kafa
Ankara
Salonika
Mugla
Denizli
Bolu
Urfa
Bingol
Riza
Zonguldak
Kirklareli
Karabuk
Cankiri
Iskenderun
Tunceli
Sivas
Yozgat
Tokat
Van



#CIVILOPEDIA (TETurkhan)

#RACE_Turks
^ The Turks are $LINK<militaristic and religious=GCON_Strengths>. They start the game with
$LINK<Warrior Code=TECH_Warrior_Code> and $LINK<Horseback Riding=TECH_Horseback_Riding> and build $LINK<Sipahi=PRTO_Sipahi> instead of $LINK<cavalry=PRTO_Cavalry>
^
^  The name Turk was first used by the Chinese in the 6th century referring to a nomadic people who had established a large 
Empire stretching from Mongolia to the Black Sea. In succeeding centuries control of the area passed from the Oghuz Turks to
the Uigurs and finally to the Kyrgyz, who were the last Turkic peoples to reside in Mongolia. They, like their predecessors,
migrated to the south and west playing important roles in the medieval history of Russia and Eastern Europe. The Arab push 
into Central Asia in the 7th century brought the Oghuz Turks into direct contact with the Abbasid caliphate. The Turks 
embraced the Sunni Muslim faith and began to migrate to the Middle East. At first they were used as mercenaries by the 
Abbasids, but soon the Turks became the actual rulers of the empire.
^  At the beginning of the 11th century a great wave of Seljuk Turks, led by Tughril Beg, conquered Khwarazm and Iran. They 
entered Baghdad in 1055, where Tughril Beg was proclaimed sultan. Under his successor, Alp Arslan, the Seljuks conquered Georgia, 
Armenia, much of Asia Minor, Syria, and defeated the Byzantine emperor Romanus IV at Manzikert, opening 
Byzantium to Seljuk and Turkmen occupation. This irruption was a major factor in bringing about the Crusades. The Seljuks 
were overrun in the 13th century by Genghis Khan and his successors, whose hordes were comprised of both Mongols and Turks. 
^  The Ottomans: After the Mongol wave had receded, a minor tribe in the 13 century, one of the last Turkish invading peoples, the 
Osmanli emerged as a force in the highly contested frontier between Muslim Anatolia and the Byzantines. It was largely to this position 
that allowed them to develop their highly disciplined organization, which in turn enabled them in the 14th century to make themselves 
masters of the ruins of the Seljuk Empire in Anatolia. Their first historic ruler Osman I, gave his name both to the nation and to 
the dynasty. Their empire expanded, but disaster fell upon then when they were decisively beaten by the Turkic Warrior Timur-Lenk in 
1402 at the battle of Angora.

#DESC_RACE_Turks
^ (cont.) Over the next 50 years Ottomans slowly regained control of their former territories and in 1453 the Last Roman City, Constantinople 
fell to them. The empire grew reaching its zenith under Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent.   Under him, the empire spread from Vienna to the 
Indian Ocean, from Tunis to the Caucasus. Large factor for Ottoman Success was their elite troops, called the Janissaries and the Sipahi. 
These troops for centuries were known to be invincible, and feared throughout Europe. Corruption, Inflation, and incapable leaders lead to the decline 
of the Ottoman Empire.  Through diplomacy Ottoman Sultans were able to prolong final collapse by playing one European power off another.  In WWI the 
Ottomans were defeated bringing an end to Empire. The people of modern day Republic of Turkey are the descendants of the Osmanli Turks.
^
^The Timurids: Tamerlane, or Timur which in Turkic means 'iron'.  In his life time, Timur conquered more lands than anyone else except for Alexander. 
His armies crossed Eurasia from Delhi to Moscow, from the Tien Shan Mountains of Central Asia to the Taurus Mountains in Anatolia. From 1370 
till his death in 1405, Timur built a powerful empire and became the last of Great Nomadic leaders. Timur claimed direct descent from 
Genghis Khan. He was said to be tall strongly built and highly intelligent. An Arab Shah describes him approaching seventy, as a master politician and 
military strategist: steadfast in mind and robust in body, brave and fearless, firm as rock. He did not care for jesting or lying; wit and trifling 
pleased him not; truth, even were it painful, delighted him... He loved bold and valiant soldiers, by whose aid he opened the locks of terror, tore men 
to pieces like lions, and overturned mountains. He was faultless in strategy, constant in fortune, firm of purpose and truthful in business.  Timur had 
a grand plan to conquer and control all the Lands of the Silk Road. The Ming ruler was suspicious of Tamerlanes ambitions and launched great naval expeditions 
to the west under the eunuch Cheng Ho in an effort to end China's isolation in the face of an attack by Timur. That attack came in 1405, Timur at nearly 
seventy years of age left Samarkand in early January, at the head of a large army on a campaign to conquer all of China. The severity of the journey 
caused the aged warlord to become seriously ill. He died on February 18th, 1405. His Empire rapidly declined after his death, however one of 
his descendants Babar, founded the Mighty Mughal Empire in India.

